秋季黄海中南部鱼类群落对饵料生物的摄食量   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

薛莹  金显仕  赵宪勇  梁振林  李显森 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2007,37(1):75-82

研究鱼类与饵料生物之间食物定量关系进而为多鱼种资源评估提供依据,2000~2002年秋季(10~11月)在黄海中南部海域进行了定点底拖网调查,应用Eggers模型,计算了带鱼(Trichiurus lepturus)、小黄鱼(Pseudosciaena polyactis)、黄(Lophius litulon)、细纹狮子鱼(Liparis tanakae)等23种鱼类在秋季对饵料生物的摄食量。结果表明:黄海中南部23种鱼类在秋季对饵料生物的总摄食量约为309万t,其中,鱼(Engraulis japonicus)的摄食量最高(在250万t以上),占总摄食量的80.9%。中上层和底层鱼类对饵料生物的摄食量分别为262万t和47万t左右,占总摄食量的84.7%和15.3%,鱼和细纹狮子鱼分别是中上层和底层鱼类中最主要的捕食者。磷虾类是中上层鱼类最主要的食物来源,其次是桡足类、端足类和毛颚类;虾类和鱼类是底层鱼类最主要的食物来源,其次是磷虾类。太平洋磷虾(Euphausia pacifica)、中华哲水蚤(Calanus sinicus)、细长脚虫戎(Themisto gracilipes)、脊腹褐虾(Crangon affinis)和鱼同时是黄海中南部被摄食量最高的5种饵料生物,它们被摄食的生物量之和约为233万t,占总摄食量的75.5%。  相似文献   

Effects of winds,tides and storm surges on ocean surface waves in the Sea of Japan     

ZHAO Wei  TIAN Jiwei  LI Peiliang  HOU Yijun 《海洋学报(英文版)》2007,26(3):9-21

Ocean surface waves are strongly forced by high wind conditions associated with winter storms in the Sea of Japan. They are also modulated by tides and storm surges. The effects of the variability in surface wind forcing, tides and storm surges on the waves are investigated using a wave model, a high-resolution atmospheric mesoscale model and a hydrodynamic ocean circulation model. Five month-long wave model simulations are inducted to examine the sensitivity of ocean waves to various wind forcing fields, tides and storm surges during January 1997. Compared with observed mean wave parameters, results indicate that the high frequency variability in the surface wind filed has very great effect on wave simulation. Tides and storm surges have a significant impact on the waves in nearshores of the Tsushima-kaihyō, but not for other regions in the Sea of Japan. High spatial and temporal resolution and good quality surface wind products will be crucial for the prediction of surface waves in the JES and other marginal seas, especially near the coastal regions.  相似文献   

Effects of tributyltin at environmental levels on monooxygenase system of digestive gland in hard clam Meretrix meretrix     

HUANG Zhouying  CHEN Yixin  WANG Chonggang  ZHAO Yang  ZUO Zhenghong 《海洋学报(英文版)》2007,26(2):144-149

The effects on ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase （EROD）, NADPH-cytochrome c reductase and NADH cytochrorne b5 reductase activities of digestive gland in Meretrix meretrix exposed to tributyltin （TBT） at environmental levels （0.1,1.0,10.0 ng/dm as stannum concentration）,in experimental condition, were evaluated. The EROD, NADH cytochrorne b5 reductase activities were significantly inhibited after exposure to 10.0 ng/dm^3 TBT for 8 and 20 d, the NADPH cytochrorne c reductase activities were significantly inhibited after exposure to 0.1,1.0 and 10.0 ng/dm TBT for 8 d and to 1.0 and 10.0 ng/dm for 20 d, as compared with the matched control, while NADH cytochrorne b5 reductases and NADPH cytochrome c reductase activities were induced after exposure to 10.0 ng/dm^3 TBT for 2 d. The EROD activity in the 10 ng/dm^3 group,and the NADH cytochrome b5 reductases activities in 1.0 and 10.0 ng/dm groups, were significantly induced when transferred to clean recovery tanks for 7 d. The three enzymic activities in the clams exposed to TBT were recovered to the level corresponding to that of the control group after transfer to clean recovery tanks for 20 d. NADPH cytochrome c reductase activity in Meretrix meretrix seems to be more sensitive to exposure of TBT than that of the EROD and NADH cytochrome b5 reductases. The results suggest that induction and inhibition by TBT to the monooxygenase system enzymic activity in Meretrix meretrix would simultaneously exist. The enzymic activities were inhibited by exposure for a long time. The results suggest that inhibition of the monooxygenase system should be an indication of the exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of TBT for a long time.  相似文献   

海洋蓝藻基因组学研究     

赵方庆  梁成伟  秦松 《海洋科学》2007,31(6):79-86

1994年,日本Kazusa实验室首先启动了淡水蓝藻Synechocystissp.PCC6803的基因组计划,并于1996年完成基因组测序的工作。Synechocystissp.PCC6803基因组大小为3.57 Mb,共有3 168个基因,是目前研究最多也最为透彻的蓝藻基因组。除此之外,美国能源部下属的联合基因组研究所(JointGe  相似文献   

利用卫星测高技术监测厄尔尼诺和拉尼娜现象   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

赵小阳  李建成  王正涛  金涛勇 《海洋测绘》2007,27(1):41-44

利用美国宇航局和法国空间局联合公布的T／P数据（1993-2000年）和Jason-1数据（2002—2006年），由共线法计算了热带太平洋地区海平面高度的变化。根据T／P和Jason-1数据计算的海面月变化异常图，分别研究了和分析了1997-1998年的厄尔尼诺和拉尼娜现象、2002-2003年厄尔尼诺现象的变化发展过程。  相似文献   

东海原甲藻对中肋骨条藻的他感作用初探   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈玫玫  赵卫红 《海洋科学》2007,31(4):62-67

在实验室内将不同生长期的东海原甲藻(Prorocentrum donghaienseLu)培养液滤液用切向超滤技术分级处理后,培养中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum),发现东海原甲藻的滤液对中肋骨条藻的生长具有促进作用,不同生长期的东海原甲藻分泌物在粒级100 ku～0.45μm的培养液中对中肋骨条藻的促进作用最明显,表明东海原甲藻可以产生大小不同的可促进中肋骨条藻生长的他感物质,且在100 ku～0.45μm范围含量较大。东海原甲藻对中肋骨条藻的生长促进作用在不同生长期作用强度不同,促进作用最明显的是消亡期,其次为平台期,指数生长期的藻液是3种藻液中促进作用最小的。  相似文献   

大型桥梁钢沉井下沉过程局部冲刷研究     

高正荣  黄建维  赵晓冬 《海洋工程》2006,24(3):31-35

钢沉井下沉过程中局部冲刷的研究是同类桥墩设计和施工十分关心的重要课题,它对保证钢沉井安全有效施工、桥梁设计中施工期桥墩最大冲深、失稳和安全计算有重要参考价值。通过室内试验研究了钢沉井下沉过程中的局部冲刷机理和冲刷形态,探讨了桥墩下部钢沉井基础施工的相对高程对局部冲刷的变化规律,并将试验研究所获得的局部冲刷规律和影响因素,采用墩型系数方法引入局部冲刷计算中,给出了计算公式。研究成果补充了国家行业规范内容,对同类工程的设计、施工具有借鉴和指导意义。  相似文献   

船艇费用-效能分析方法研究     

余建星  赵阔  顾鹏 《海洋技术学报》2006,25(1):94-96,106

文中介绍了费用-效能分析的基本步骤和方法,针对船艇的特点建立了寿命周期费用的分解结构和费用模型,并编制了船艇寿命周期费用的计算程序。最后以两条船艇的费用-效能分析为例,对费用-效能分析在船艇多方案选优中的应用作了初步探讨。  相似文献   

赤点石斑鱼(Epinephelus akaara)精子超微结构及环境因子对精子活力的影响     

朱雅婷  张明清  吴妤莘  赵会宏  张海发  舒琥 《海洋与湖沼》2022,53(6):1523-1530

为揭示赤点石斑鱼精子的超微结构及环境因子对其精子活力的影响,利用扫描电镜和透射电镜观察赤点石斑鱼精子的超微结构,设置不同梯度的温度、盐度、pH值及不同浓度的NaCl、KCl、CaCl₂、MgCl₂、EDTANa₂溶液,探究这些因子对赤点石斑鱼精子活力的影响。结果表明:赤点石斑鱼成熟精子的结构特点是细胞核圆形或卵圆形,核内染色质致密,没有核泡(核空隙)。精子尾部细长,横切面为典型的"9+2"微管结构。温度、盐度、pH值等环境因子对精子活力的影响表明,精子活力的适宜温度范围为23~31℃,27.5℃时精子寿命最长为37min;适宜的盐度范围为15~35,盐度15时精子寿命最长为50min;适宜的pH范围为7~9,pH为9时精子的运动时间最长为33min。赤点石斑鱼精子在EDTANa₂溶液中呈抑制状态,在400~700 mmol/L的NaCl溶液、400~600mmol/L的KCl溶液和500 mmol/L的CaCl₂溶液中精子均具有较好的活动能力。在MgCl₂溶液中赤点石斑鱼精子的活动能力不佳。赤点石斑鱼精子的最适温度范围与繁殖季节的最适水温范围符合,适宜盐度范围较广,对pH值的变化适应性较强。赤点石斑鱼精子在NaCl、KCl、CaCl₂溶液中活力较佳,在MgCl₂溶液和EDTANa₂溶液中呈抑制状态。  相似文献   

A NUMERICAL MODEL FOR THE TIDES AND TIDAL CURRENTS IN THE TAIWAN STRAIT     

方国洪  杨景飞  赵绪才 《海洋学报(英文版)》1985,4(2):189-200

Semidiurnal and diurnal tidal waves in the Taiwan Strait are computed simultaneously by using finite difference method with two-dimensional nonlinear hydrodynamic equations. The agreement between the computed and observed results is considered satisfactory.  相似文献